Webhook 签名验证

X-NueForm-Signature: 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592a3f6e7d4b9c1d5e8f2a7b3c6d9e0f1a2

curl https://app.nueform.com/api/v1/webhooks/secret \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer nf_your_api_key"

{
  "secret": "a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8c9d0e1f2a3b4c5d6e7f8a9b0c1d2e3f4a5b6c7d8e9f0a1b2"
}

curl -X POST https://app.nueform.com/api/v1/webhooks/secret/regenerate \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer nf_your_api_key"

import crypto from 'crypto';

function verifyWebhookSignature(rawBody, signature, secret) {
  const expected = crypto
    .createHmac('sha256', secret)
    .update(rawBody)
    .digest('hex');

  // 使用时间安全比较防止计时攻击
  const a = Buffer.from(signature, 'hex');
  const b = Buffer.from(expected, 'hex');

  if (a.length !== b.length) {
    return false;
  }

  return crypto.timingSafeEqual(a, b);
}

// Express.js 示例
app.post('/webhooks/nueform', express.raw({ type: 'application/json' }), (req, res) => {
  const signature = req.headers['x-nueform-signature'];
  const rawBody = req.body.toString();

  if (!verifyWebhookSignature(rawBody, signature, process.env.NUEFORM_WEBHOOK_SECRET)) {
    console.error('Invalid webhook signature');
    return res.status(401).send('Invalid signature');
  }

  const payload = JSON.parse(rawBody);
  console.log('Verified webhook:', payload.event, payload.responseId);

  // 异步处理 webhook
  processWebhookAsync(payload);

  res.status(200).send('OK');
});

import hashlib
import hmac

def verify_webhook_signature(raw_body: bytes, signature: str, secret: str) -> bool:
    expected = hmac.new(
        secret.encode('utf-8'),
        raw_body,
        hashlib.sha256
    ).hexdigest()

    # 使用时间安全比较
    return hmac.compare_digest(expected, signature)


# Flask 示例
from flask import Flask, request, abort

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/webhooks/nueform', methods=['POST'])
def handle_webhook():
    signature = request.headers.get('X-NueForm-Signature', '')
    raw_body = request.get_data()

    if not verify_webhook_signature(raw_body, signature, WEBHOOK_SECRET):
        abort(401, 'Invalid signature')

    payload = request.get_json()
    print(f"Verified webhook: {payload['event']} {payload['responseId']}")

    # 异步处理（例如加入 Celery 队列）
    process_webhook.delay(payload)

    return 'OK', 200

package main

import (
	"crypto/hmac"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"io"
	"net/http"
)

func verifyWebhookSignature(body []byte, signature string, secret string) bool {
	mac := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(secret))
	mac.Write(body)
	expected := hex.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil))

	// hmac.Equal 执行常量时间比较
	return hmac.Equal([]byte(expected), []byte(signature))
}

func webhookHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
	if err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "Failed to read body", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	defer r.Body.Close()

	signature := r.Header.Get("X-NueForm-Signature")
	if !verifyWebhookSignature(body, signature, webhookSecret) {
		http.Error(w, "Invalid signature", http.StatusUnauthorized)
		return
	}

	// 处理 webhook 负载
	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
	w.Write([]byte("OK"))
}

<?php

function verifyWebhookSignature(string $rawBody, string $signature, string $secret): bool {
    $expected = hash_hmac('sha256', $rawBody, $secret);

    // 使用时间安全比较
    return hash_equals($expected, $signature);
}

// 使用方法
$rawBody = file_get_contents('php://input');
$signature = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_NUEFORM_SIGNATURE'] ?? '';
$secret = getenv('NUEFORM_WEBHOOK_SECRET');

if (!verifyWebhookSignature($rawBody, $signature, $secret)) {
    http_response_code(401);
    echo 'Invalid signature';
    exit;
}

$payload = json_decode($rawBody, true);
error_log("Verified webhook: {$payload['event']} {$payload['responseId']}");

// 处理 webhook
processWebhook($payload);

http_response_code(200);
echo 'OK';

require 'openssl'
require 'json'

def verify_webhook_signature(raw_body, signature, secret)
  expected = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest('SHA256', secret, raw_body)

  # 使用时间安全比较
  Rack::Utils.secure_compare(expected, signature)
end

# Sinatra 示例
post '/webhooks/nueform' do
  raw_body = request.body.read
  signature = request.env['HTTP_X_NUEFORM_SIGNATURE'] || ''

  unless verify_webhook_signature(raw_body, signature, ENV['NUEFORM_WEBHOOK_SECRET'])
    halt 401, 'Invalid signature'
  end

  payload = JSON.parse(raw_body)
  logger.info "Verified webhook: #{payload['event']} #{payload['responseId']}"

  # 异步处理
  WebhookProcessorJob.perform_async(payload)

  status 200
  body 'OK'
end